/*
* Copyright 2002-2014 the original author or authors.
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package org.springframework.expression.spel.support;
import java.lang.reflect.Array;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.Member;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Comparator;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
import org.springframework.asm.MethodVisitor;
import org.springframework.core.MethodParameter;
import org.springframework.core.convert.Property;
import org.springframework.core.convert.TypeDescriptor;
import org.springframework.core.style.ToStringCreator;
import org.springframework.expression.AccessException;
import org.springframework.expression.EvaluationContext;
import org.springframework.expression.EvaluationException;
import org.springframework.expression.PropertyAccessor;
import org.springframework.expression.TypedValue;
import org.springframework.expression.spel.CodeFlow;
import org.springframework.expression.spel.CompilablePropertyAccessor;
import org.springframework.util.ReflectionUtils;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
/**
* Simple {@link PropertyAccessor} that uses reflection to access properties
* for reading and writing.
*
* <p>A property can be accessed through a public getter method (when being read)
* or a public setter method (when being written), and also as a public field.
*
* @author Andy Clement
* @author Juergen Hoeller
* @author Phillip Webb
* @since 3.0
*/
public class ReflectivePropertyAccessor implements PropertyAccessor {
private static final Set<Class<?>> BOOLEAN_TYPES;
static {
Set<Class<?>> booleanTypes = new HashSet<Class<?>>();
booleanTypes.add(Boolean.class);
booleanTypes.add(Boolean.TYPE);
BOOLEAN_TYPES = Collections.unmodifiableSet(booleanTypes);
}
private static final Set<Class<?>> ANY_TYPES = Collections.emptySet();
private final Map<CacheKey, InvokerPair> readerCache = new ConcurrentHashMap<CacheKey, InvokerPair>(64);
private final Map<CacheKey, Member> writerCache = new ConcurrentHashMap<CacheKey, Member>(64);
private final Map<CacheKey, TypeDescriptor> typeDescriptorCache = new ConcurrentHashMap<CacheKey, TypeDescriptor>(64);
private InvokerPair lastReadInvokerPair;
/**
* Returns {@code null} which means this is a general purpose accessor.
*/
@Override
public Class<?>[] getSpecificTargetClasses() {
return null;
}
@Override
public boolean canRead(EvaluationContext context, Object target, String name) throws AccessException {
if (target == null) {
return false;
}
Class<?> type = (target instanceof Class ? (Class<?>) target : target.getClass());
if (type.isArray() && name.equals("length")) {
return true;
}
CacheKey cacheKey = new CacheKey(type, name, target instanceof Class);
if (this.readerCache.containsKey(cacheKey)) {
return true;
}
Method method = findGetterForProperty(name, type, target);
if (method != null) {
// Treat it like a property...
// The readerCache will only contain gettable properties (let's not worry about setters for now).
Property property = new Property(type, method, null);
TypeDescriptor typeDescriptor = new TypeDescriptor(property);
this.readerCache.put(cacheKey, new InvokerPair(method, typeDescriptor));
this.typeDescriptorCache.put(cacheKey, typeDescriptor);
return true;
}
else {
Field field = findField(name, type, target);
if (field != null) {
TypeDescriptor typeDescriptor = new TypeDescriptor(field);
this.readerCache.put(cacheKey, new InvokerPair(field, typeDescriptor));
this.typeDescriptorCache.put(cacheKey, typeDescriptor);
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
public Member getLastReadInvokerPair() {
return lastReadInvokerPair.member;
}
@Override
public TypedValue read(EvaluationContext context, Object target, String name) throws AccessException {
if (target == null) {
throw new AccessException("Cannot read property of null target");
}
Class<?> type = (target instanceof Class ? (Class<?>) target : target.getClass());
if (type.isArray() && name.equals("length")) {
if (target instanceof Class) {
throw new AccessException("Cannot access length on array class itself");
}
return new TypedValue(Array.getLength(target));
}
CacheKey cacheKey = new CacheKey(type, name, target instanceof Class);
InvokerPair invoker = this.readerCache.get(cacheKey);
lastReadInvokerPair = invoker;
if (invoker == null || invoker.member instanceof Method) {
Method method = (Method) (invoker != null ? invoker.member : null);
if (method == null) {
method = findGetterForProperty(name, type, target);
if (method != null) {
// TODO remove the duplication here between canRead and read
// Treat it like a property...
// The readerCache will only contain gettable properties (let's not worry about setters for now).
Property property = new Property(type, method, null);
TypeDescriptor typeDescriptor = new TypeDescriptor(property);
invoker = new InvokerPair(method, typeDescriptor);
lastReadInvokerPair = invoker;
this.readerCache.put(cacheKey, invoker);
}
}
if (method != null) {
try {
ReflectionUtils.makeAccessible(method);
Object value = method.invoke(target);
return new TypedValue(value, invoker.typeDescriptor.narrow(value));
}
catch (Exception ex) {
throw new AccessException("Unable to access property '" + name + "' through getter", ex);
}
}
}
if (invoker == null || invoker.member instanceof Field) {
Field field = (Field) (invoker == null ? null : invoker.member);
if (field == null) {
field = findField(name, type, target);
if (field != null) {
invoker = new InvokerPair(field, new TypeDescriptor(field));
lastReadInvokerPair = invoker;
this.readerCache.put(cacheKey, invoker);
}
}
if (field != null) {
try {
ReflectionUtils.makeAccessible(field);
Object value = field.get(target);
return new TypedValue(value, invoker.typeDescriptor.narrow(value));
}
catch (Exception ex) {
throw new AccessException("Unable to access field: " + name, ex);
}
}
}
throw new AccessException("Neither getter nor field found for property '" + name + "'");
}
@Override
public boolean canWrite(EvaluationContext context, Object target, String name) throws AccessException {
if (target == null) {
return false;
}
Class<?> type = (target instanceof Class ? (Class<?>) target : target.getClass());
CacheKey cacheKey = new CacheKey(type, name, target instanceof Class);
if (this.writerCache.containsKey(cacheKey)) {
return true;
}
Method method = findSetterForProperty(name, type, target);
if (method != null) {
// Treat it like a property
Property property = new Property(type, null, method);
TypeDescriptor typeDescriptor = new TypeDescriptor(property);
this.writerCache.put(cacheKey, method);
this.typeDescriptorCache.put(cacheKey, typeDescriptor);
return true;
}
else {
Field field = findField(name, type, target);
if (field != null) {
this.writerCache.put(cacheKey, field);
this.typeDescriptorCache.put(cacheKey, new TypeDescriptor(field));
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
@Override
public void write(EvaluationContext context, Object target, String name, Object newValue) throws AccessException {
if (target == null) {
throw new AccessException("Cannot write property on null target");
}
Class<?> type = (target instanceof Class ? (Class<?>) target : target.getClass());
Object possiblyConvertedNewValue = newValue;
TypeDescriptor typeDescriptor = getTypeDescriptor(context, target, name);
if (typeDescriptor != null) {
try {
possiblyConvertedNewValue = context.getTypeConverter().convertValue(
newValue, TypeDescriptor.forObject(newValue), typeDescriptor);
}
catch (EvaluationException evaluationException) {
throw new AccessException("Type conversion failure",evaluationException);
}
}
CacheKey cacheKey = new CacheKey(type, name, target instanceof Class);
Member cachedMember = this.writerCache.get(cacheKey);
if (cachedMember == null || cachedMember instanceof Method) {
Method method = (Method) cachedMember;
if (method == null) {
method = findSetterForProperty(name, type, target);
if (method != null) {
cachedMember = method;
this.writerCache.put(cacheKey, cachedMember);
}
}
if (method != null) {
try {
ReflectionUtils.makeAccessible(method);
method.invoke(target, possiblyConvertedNewValue);
return;
}
catch (Exception ex) {
throw new AccessException("Unable to access property '" + name + "' through setter", ex);
}
}
}
if (cachedMember == null || cachedMember instanceof Field) {
Field field = (Field) cachedMember;
if (field == null) {
field = findField(name, type, target);
if (field != null) {
cachedMember = field;
this.writerCache.put(cacheKey, cachedMember);
}
}
if (field != null) {
try {
ReflectionUtils.makeAccessible(field);
field.set(target, possiblyConvertedNewValue);
return;
}
catch (Exception ex) {
throw new AccessException("Unable to access field: " + name, ex);
}
}
}
throw new AccessException("Neither setter nor field found for property '" + name + "'");
}
private TypeDescriptor getTypeDescriptor(EvaluationContext context, Object target, String name) {
if (target == null) {
return null;
}
Class<?> type = (target instanceof Class ? (Class<?>) target : target.getClass());
if (type.isArray() && name.equals("length")) {
return TypeDescriptor.valueOf(Integer.TYPE);
}
CacheKey cacheKey = new CacheKey(type, name, target instanceof Class);
TypeDescriptor typeDescriptor = this.typeDescriptorCache.get(cacheKey);
if (typeDescriptor == null) {
// attempt to populate the cache entry
try {
if (canRead(context, target, name)) {
typeDescriptor = this.typeDescriptorCache.get(cacheKey);
}
else if (canWrite(context, target, name)) {
typeDescriptor = this.typeDescriptorCache.get(cacheKey);
}
}
catch (AccessException ex) {
// continue with null type descriptor
}
}
return typeDescriptor;
}
private Method findGetterForProperty(String propertyName, Class<?> clazz, Object target) {
Method method = findGetterForProperty(propertyName, clazz, target instanceof Class);
if (method == null && target instanceof Class) {
method = findGetterForProperty(propertyName, target.getClass(), false);
}
return method;
}
private Method findSetterForProperty(String propertyName, Class<?> clazz, Object target) {
Method method = findSetterForProperty(propertyName, clazz, target instanceof Class);
if (method == null && target instanceof Class) {
method = findSetterForProperty(propertyName, target.getClass(), false);
}
return method;
}
private Field findField(String name, Class<?> clazz, Object target) {
Field field = findField(name, clazz, target instanceof Class);
if (field == null && target instanceof Class) {
field = findField(name, target.getClass(), false);
}
return field;
}
/**
* Find a getter method for the specified property.
*/
protected Method findGetterForProperty(String propertyName, Class<?> clazz, boolean mustBeStatic) {
Method method = findMethodForProperty(getPropertyMethodSuffixes(propertyName),
"get", clazz, mustBeStatic, 0, ANY_TYPES);
if (method == null) {
method = findMethodForProperty(getPropertyMethodSuffixes(propertyName),
"is", clazz, mustBeStatic, 0, BOOLEAN_TYPES);
}
return method;
}
/**
* Find a setter method for the specified property.
*/
protected Method findSetterForProperty(String propertyName, Class<?> clazz, boolean mustBeStatic) {
return findMethodForProperty(getPropertyMethodSuffixes(propertyName),
"set", clazz, mustBeStatic, 1, ANY_TYPES);
}
private Method findMethodForProperty(String[] methodSuffixes, String prefix, Class<?> clazz,
boolean mustBeStatic, int numberOfParams, Set<Class<?>> requiredReturnTypes) {
Method[] methods = getSortedClassMethods(clazz);
for (String methodSuffix : methodSuffixes) {
for (Method method : methods) {
if (method.getName().equals(prefix + methodSuffix) &&
method.getParameterTypes().length == numberOfParams &&
(!mustBeStatic || Modifier.isStatic(method.getModifiers())) &&
(requiredReturnTypes.isEmpty() || requiredReturnTypes.contains(method.getReturnType()))) {
return method;
}
}
}
return null;
}
/**
* Returns class methods ordered with non bridge methods appearing higher.
*/
private Method[] getSortedClassMethods(Class<?> clazz) {
Method[] methods = clazz.getMethods();
Arrays.sort(methods, new Comparator<Method>() {
@Override
public int compare(Method o1, Method o2) {
return (o1.isBridge() == o2.isBridge()) ? 0 : (o1.isBridge() ? 1 : -1);
}
});
return methods;
}
/**
* Return the method suffixes for a given property name. The default implementation
* uses JavaBean conventions with additional support for properties of the form 'xY'
* where the method 'getXY()' is used in preference to the JavaBean convention of
* 'getxY()'.
*/
protected String[] getPropertyMethodSuffixes(String propertyName) {
String suffix = getPropertyMethodSuffix(propertyName);
if (suffix.length() > 0 && Character.isUpperCase(suffix.charAt(0))) {
return new String[] { suffix };
}
return new String[] { suffix, StringUtils.capitalize(suffix) };
}
/**
* Return the method suffix for a given property name. The default implementation
* uses JavaBean conventions.
*/
protected String getPropertyMethodSuffix(String propertyName) {
if (propertyName.length() > 1 && Character.isUpperCase(propertyName.charAt(1))) {
return propertyName;
}
return StringUtils.capitalize(propertyName);
}
/**
* Find a field of a certain name on a specified class.
*/
protected Field findField(String name, Class<?> clazz, boolean mustBeStatic) {
Field[] fields = clazz.getFields();
for (Field field : fields) {
if (field.getName().equals(name) && (!mustBeStatic || Modifier.isStatic(field.getModifiers()))) {
return field;
}
}
// We'll search superclasses and implemented interfaces explicitly,
// although it shouldn't be necessary - however, see SPR-10125.
if (clazz.getSuperclass() != null) {
Field field = findField(name, clazz.getSuperclass(), mustBeStatic);
if (field != null) {
return field;
}
}
for (Class<?> implementedInterface : clazz.getInterfaces()) {
Field field = findField(name, implementedInterface, mustBeStatic);
if (field != null) {
return field;
}
}
return null;
}
/**
* Attempt to create an optimized property accessor tailored for a property of a particular name on
* a particular class. The general ReflectivePropertyAccessor will always work but is not optimal
* due to the need to lookup which reflective member (method/field) to use each time read() is called.
* This method will just return the ReflectivePropertyAccessor instance if it is unable to build
* something more optimal.
*/
public PropertyAccessor createOptimalAccessor(EvaluationContext evalContext, Object target, String name) {
// Don't be clever for arrays or null target
if (target == null) {
return this;
}
Class<?> type = (target instanceof Class ? (Class<?>) target : target.getClass());
if (type.isArray()) {
return this;
}
CacheKey cacheKey = new CacheKey(type, name, target instanceof Class);
InvokerPair invocationTarget = this.readerCache.get(cacheKey);
if (invocationTarget == null || invocationTarget.member instanceof Method) {
Method method = (Method) (invocationTarget==null?null:invocationTarget.member);
if (method == null) {
method = findGetterForProperty(name, type, target);
if (method != null) {
invocationTarget = new InvokerPair(method,new TypeDescriptor(new MethodParameter(method,-1)));
ReflectionUtils.makeAccessible(method);
this.readerCache.put(cacheKey, invocationTarget);
}
}
if (method != null) {
return new OptimalPropertyAccessor(invocationTarget);
}
}
if (invocationTarget == null || invocationTarget.member instanceof Field) {
Field field = (invocationTarget != null ? (Field) invocationTarget.member : null);
if (field == null) {
field = findField(name, type, target instanceof Class);
if (field != null) {
invocationTarget = new InvokerPair(field, new TypeDescriptor(field));
ReflectionUtils.makeAccessible(field);
this.readerCache.put(cacheKey, invocationTarget);
}
}
if (field != null) {
return new OptimalPropertyAccessor(invocationTarget);
}
}
return this;
}
/**
* Captures the member (method/field) to call reflectively to access a property value
* and the type descriptor for the value returned by the reflective call.
*/
private static class InvokerPair {
final Member member;
final TypeDescriptor typeDescriptor;
public InvokerPair(Member member, TypeDescriptor typeDescriptor) {
this.member = member;
this.typeDescriptor = typeDescriptor;
}
}
private static class CacheKey {
private final Class<?> clazz;
private final String name;
private boolean targetIsClass;
public CacheKey(Class<?> clazz, String name, boolean targetIsClass) {
this.clazz = clazz;
this.name = name;
this.targetIsClass = targetIsClass;
}
@Override
public boolean equals(Object other) {
if (this == other) {
return true;
}
if (!(other instanceof CacheKey)) {
return false;
}
CacheKey otherKey = (CacheKey) other;
return (this.clazz.equals(otherKey.clazz) && this.name.equals(otherKey.name) &&
this.targetIsClass == otherKey.targetIsClass);
}
@Override
public int hashCode() {
return (this.clazz.hashCode() * 29 + this.name.hashCode());
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return new ToStringCreator(this).append("clazz", this.clazz).append("name",
this.name).append("targetIsClass", this.targetIsClass).toString();
}
}
/**
* An optimized form of a PropertyAccessor that will use reflection but only knows
* how to access a particular property on a particular class. This is unlike the
* general ReflectivePropertyResolver which manages a cache of methods/fields that
* may be invoked to access different properties on different classes. This optimal
* accessor exists because looking up the appropriate reflective object by class/name
* on each read is not cheap.
*/
public static class OptimalPropertyAccessor implements CompilablePropertyAccessor {
public final Member member;
private final TypeDescriptor typeDescriptor;
private final boolean needsToBeMadeAccessible;
OptimalPropertyAccessor(InvokerPair target) {
this.member = target.member;
this.typeDescriptor = target.typeDescriptor;
if (this.member instanceof Field) {
Field field = (Field) this.member;
this.needsToBeMadeAccessible = (!Modifier.isPublic(field.getModifiers()) ||
!Modifier.isPublic(field.getDeclaringClass().getModifiers())) && !field.isAccessible();
}
else {
Method method = (Method) this.member;
this.needsToBeMadeAccessible = ((!Modifier.isPublic(method.getModifiers()) ||
!Modifier.isPublic(method.getDeclaringClass().getModifiers())) && !method.isAccessible());
}
}
@Override
public Class<?>[] getSpecificTargetClasses() {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Should not be called on an OptimalPropertyAccessor");
}
@Override
public boolean canRead(EvaluationContext context, Object target, String name) throws AccessException {
if (target == null) {
return false;
}
Class<?> type = (target instanceof Class ? (Class<?>) target : target.getClass());
if (type.isArray()) {
return false;
}
if (this.member instanceof Method) {
Method method = (Method) this.member;
String getterName = "get" + StringUtils.capitalize(name);
if (getterName.equals(method.getName())) {
return true;
}
getterName = "is" + StringUtils.capitalize(name);
return getterName.equals(method.getName());
}
else {
Field field = (Field) this.member;
return field.getName().equals(name);
}
}
@Override
public TypedValue read(EvaluationContext context, Object target, String name) throws AccessException {
if (this.member instanceof Method) {
try {
if (this.needsToBeMadeAccessible) {
ReflectionUtils.makeAccessible((Method) this.member);
}
Object value = ((Method) this.member).invoke(target);
return new TypedValue(value, this.typeDescriptor.narrow(value));
}
catch (Exception ex) {
throw new AccessException("Unable to access property '" + name + "' through getter", ex);
}
}
if (this.member instanceof Field) {
try {
if (this.needsToBeMadeAccessible) {
ReflectionUtils.makeAccessible((Field) this.member);
}
Object value = ((Field) this.member).get(target);
return new TypedValue(value, this.typeDescriptor.narrow(value));
}
catch (Exception ex) {
throw new AccessException("Unable to access field: " + name, ex);
}
}
throw new AccessException("Neither getter nor field found for property '" + name + "'");
}
@Override
public boolean canWrite(EvaluationContext context, Object target, String name) {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Should not be called on an OptimalPropertyAccessor");
}
@Override
public void write(EvaluationContext context, Object target, String name, Object newValue) {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Should not be called on an OptimalPropertyAccessor");
}
@Override
public boolean isCompilable() {
return (Modifier.isPublic(this.member.getModifiers()) &&
Modifier.isPublic(this.member.getDeclaringClass().getModifiers()));
}
@Override
public Class<?> getPropertyType() {
if (this.member instanceof Field) {
return ((Field) this.member).getType();
}
else {
return ((Method) this.member).getReturnType();
}
}
@Override
public void generateCode(String propertyName, MethodVisitor mv, CodeFlow cf) {
boolean isStatic = Modifier.isStatic(this.member.getModifiers());
String descriptor = cf.lastDescriptor();
String memberDeclaringClassSlashedDescriptor = this.member.getDeclaringClass().getName().replace('.', '/');
if (!isStatic) {
if (descriptor == null) {
cf.loadTarget(mv);
}
if (descriptor == null || !memberDeclaringClassSlashedDescriptor.equals(descriptor.substring(1))) {
mv.visitTypeInsn(CHECKCAST, memberDeclaringClassSlashedDescriptor);
}
}
if (this.member instanceof Field) {
mv.visitFieldInsn(isStatic ? GETSTATIC : GETFIELD, memberDeclaringClassSlashedDescriptor,
this.member.getName(), CodeFlow.toJvmDescriptor(((Field) this.member).getType()));
}
else {
mv.visitMethodInsn(isStatic ? INVOKESTATIC : INVOKEVIRTUAL, memberDeclaringClassSlashedDescriptor,
this.member.getName(), CodeFlow.createSignatureDescriptor((Method) this.member),false);
}
}
}
}